The powers behind Vestager’s throne

If you thought the European Commission was the unrivaled overlord of competition in Europe, it's time to think again.

While EU antitrust boss Margrethe Vestager has stolen the limelight for her high-profile cases involving Google and Apple, it is national authorities such as Germany's Bundeskartellamt and France's Autorité de la Concurrence that have increasingly blazed a trail — both in terms of new ideas, and cases.
"There has been a real change,” observed Antoine Winckler, a partner at law firm Cleary Gottlieb. “There was an accumulation of factors that caused national competition authorities to take off."
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